nownovels Chapter 779: The Ming Dynasty Missed The Opportunity To Abolish Private Ownership Of Land And Change
Chapter 779: The Ming Dynasty Missed The Opportunity To Abolish Private Ownership Of Land And Change
On the podium, after listening to the thoughts of Prince Zhu Biao, Zhu Di, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes, Yan Changqing just turned sideways and wrote on the blackboard while narrating:
"How to solve the problem of land annexation, we can first take a look at the various reasons that lead to land annexation."
"The fundamental reason for land annexation is the private ownership of land!"
“The existence of private ownership of land actually recognizes the free transfer and sale of land!”
"In addition, since ancient times, land has been an important foundation and symbol of wealth, and has been competed for by the emperor's royal family, civil and military officials, noble marquises, landlords and gentry and other groups."
“Especially in the case of private ownership of land, in order to obtain greater economic wealth benefits, aristocratic landowners often ignored the land restriction decrees formulated by the imperial court, took advantage of their powers, and even used force to oppress farmers who owned acres of land and deprived them of their land ownership. "
"Some wealthy merchants and gentry often use their strong economic strength to purchase large amounts of farmers' land in the hope of obtaining greater agricultural profits. However, farmers hand over their land ownership under various oppressions and helplessness, lose their qualifications as self-cultivators, and become farmers. Sharecroppers.”
"Secondly, the vulnerability of the small-scale farmer economy itself is also an important reason for land annexation."
"The so-called small-scale agricultural economy refers to a small-scale agricultural economy based on the family as a unit and individual ownership of production means, relying entirely or mainly on one's own labor to satisfy one's own consumption."
"Although the small-scale peasant economy under private ownership of land is generally stable."
“However, due to the insufficient level of science and technology in the past and present, resulting in low productivity and poor ability to resist external risks, individual small farmers can barely provide food and clothing for ten families.”
"If you add state taxes and corvee, it will make the already weak small-scale peasant economy even worse."
"Once there is war or a serious natural disaster, and farmers are unable to make a living on their original land, they will abandon all the land and go to other areas to survive."
"Farmers' original land will fall into the hands of local authorities or be redistributed, and land ownership will naturally change accordingly."
"Thirdly, the development of the commodity economy will also promote the development of land mergers."
"With the openness of private ownership of land, land as a kind of social wealth was resold among the big real estate classes such as the Weizi royal family, civil and military officials, lords, landowners and gentry["
"Using land as 'currency' to exchange commodities is actually a manifestation of the change of land ownership and the phenomenon of land concentration and annexation. "
"In the process of hereditary transmission, noble land may be sold due to improper management or family changes, etc., in order to alleviate the family crisis."
"Even the development of Buddhism, which led to the occupation of land by monks, also resulted in land annexation."
"Finally, as land continues to be concentrated, the power of large landowners continues to expand, which further encourages their ambition to annex land."
"In general, due to the private ownership of land as the fundamental reason, coupled with the interest disputes between aristocratic landowners, a large number of land owned by farmers was annexed, resulting in the eventual emergence of the 'rich man's land alliance'
It is an extreme phenomenon in which the author has no place to stand. "
Having said this, Yan Changqing's eyes fell on King Yan Zhu Di, paused, and then said:
“What His Highness King Yan just said, ‘like Wang Mang did, nationalize all the land and acres’ actually means abolishing private ownership of land and replacing it with state ownership of land!!!”
"When all land is nationalized, then naturally the land can no longer be freely transferred and bought and sold."
"It can be said that this plan is indeed the fundamental solution to land annexation!"
However, as soon as a happy look appeared on King Yan Zhu Di's face, Chang Qing shook his head and sighed:
"Although nationalizing all land is indeed the fundamental solution to land annexation, it is a pity that this method has missed the opportunity and cannot be used in Ming Dynasty now.
Upon hearing this, King Yan Zhu Di immediately became anxious and puzzled:
"Why?!!"
"Compared to Wang Mang in the past, my father should be much stronger than Wang Mang in terms of prestige and ability."
“If my father steps forward to abolish the private ownership of land and replace it with state ownership of land, there should still be a high chance of success, right?!!”
Looking at the confused expressions of King Yan Zhu Di, Zhu Yuanzhang and other princes, Yan Changqing further explained:
"Whether a policy can be abolished, changed, or reformed can be successful, we need to consider which classes of interests the policy harms, which classes will fight back, and which classes will benefit, and which classes will become our own policy supporter.”
“Only when these points are understood can the abolition, change, and reform of this policy be successful.”
Then Yan Changqing wrote on the blackboard: the emperor's royal family, civil and military officials, noble marquises, landowners and gentry, ordinary people, and then said:
"Now let's see if the private ownership of land is abolished, replaced by state ownership of land, and all acres of land in the world are nationalized, what kind of interests will be harmed?"
"In fact, except for the emperor, the interests of other royal families, civil and military officials, noble marquises, landowners and gentry, and ordinary people will all be affected!"
"Because at the beginning of the founding of the Ming Dynasty, the existence of private ownership of land was acquiesced, and in the eighteen years since the founding of the Ming Dynasty, the land acres that the royal family, civil and military officials, noble marquises, landowners and gentry, and ordinary people should allocate have been roughly distributed. It’s over.”
"In other words, under the default private ownership of land, these rewards and acres of land allocated to the royal family, civil and military officials, noble marquises, landowners and gentry, and ordinary people already belong to them and no longer belong to them. of the emperor and the court.”
"And now if you want all the land and acres in the world to be nationalized, it is equivalent to depriving them of all their existing land and acres!"
"Even if you and other royal families, civil and military officials, noble marquises, landlords, gentry, and ordinary people explain that only the ownership of the land and acres belongs to the emperor and the court, but the actual right to use the land and acres still belongs to them, they will not listen. ”
"They will only think that the emperor is now taking away the land and acres that originally belonged to them and the life-saving money that originally belonged to them!!!"
"Because of the existence of private ownership of land, when these people are desperate, they can finally choose to sell their acres of land in exchange for a chance of survival."
"And now you want to nationalize all the land in the world and prohibit land sales, this will be equivalent to taking away their last life money when they are desperate in the future!"
“How can the common people accept this?!!”
"And how can such policy reform win the hearts and minds of the people?!!"
"If a policy reform only harms the class interests of a few powerful groups such as other royal families, civil and military officials, noble marquises, landowners and gentry, but it has the support of the broad masses of the people."
"So as long as those in power can be ruthless and have the courage to overthrow everything and start over, there is still hope that this policy reform can be implemented."
"But if this policy reform is not supported by even the largest number of people, then this policy reform will definitely not be implemented smoothly!"
"The more we forcefully push forward this policy reform, the greater the public resentment it will arouse, and the greater the turmoil and impact it will cause!"
“If we add other civil and military officials, noble marquises, landlords and gentry who are also harmed by their interests, they are fueling the flames and fanning the flames.
"At that time, if it is not handled properly, it is not impossible to even force the whole world to rebel!"
The chalk in Yan Changqing's hand started from the royal family and went down, directly through the civil and military officials, noble marquises, landowners and gentry, ordinary people and other classes.
King Yan Zhu Di looked at the chalk line drawn by Yan Changqing on the blackboard, was silent for a moment, and then said with uncertainty:
"So the most appropriate time for the Ming Dynasty to abolish private ownership of land and replace it with state ownership of land was actually at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, even when my father was still the King of Wu, right?!!"
Yan Changqing nodded and said (bheh):
"Yes, the most appropriate time for the Ming Dynasty to abolish private ownership of land and replace it with state ownership of land was from the time when Your Majesty was the former King of Wu to the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
"At that time, the world had not yet been unified, and was still in a chaotic stage without order or rules."
"In this chaotic stage, His Majesty has received the least pressure from the shackles and obstacles from civil and military officials, noble marquises, landowners, gentry, ordinary people and other classes."
"Because in this chaotic stage, all the civil servants and military generals are thinking about is how to stay alive and unify the world with His Majesty."
"Only if they are alive and working with His Majesty to unify the world, then at that time they will be qualified to consider the harm to their interests caused by the resumption of the land.
"And if they cannot live to unite the world with His Majesty, let alone His Majesty's return of land and acres to the country and harm their interests. Even if His Majesty promises to make them kings in the future, it will not mean much to them."
"Therefore, the civil and military officials of this period, for His Majesty's policy idea of abolishing private ownership of land and changing it to state ownership of land, at most can only try their best to give a few words of advice, and will not have too fierce opposition."
"If His Majesty insists on pursuing such a policy, most likely they will acquiesce and comply."
"After all, the world is still uncertain. It is only a matter of words for Your Majesty to kill disobedient civil servants and generals. There will not be many civil servants and generals willing to risk their lives on Your Majesty's determination and patience.
"Similarly, the so-called noble marquises are all powerful interest groups that only appeared after the world was settled, and His Majesty rewarded them based on their merits.
"When the world is uncertain, there will naturally be no powerful interest groups such as nobles and marquises jumping out to oppose His Majesty's opinions."
"As for the landlords and gentry, it is difficult to even save their own lives in troubled times, let alone their own land.
"If dedicating their acres of land can save the lives of their family, the vast majority of landowners and gentry will obediently donate their acres of land."
"Under such circumstances, they will naturally not strongly resist His Majesty's policy of abolishing private ownership of land and replacing it with state ownership of land."
"And the largest number of ordinary people, in troubled times, don't even have their own acres of land."
"If His Majesty wants to allocate acres of land to them at this time, even if he only gives them the right to use the land and acres, the ownership of the land and acres will still belong to the court and the state, and they will still be grateful to His Majesty."
"Because they have nothing to begin with, any bit of land use rights they can get is an unexpected blessing and a windfall for them, so they will not resist His Majesty's abolition of private ownership of land and change to state ownership of land. policy.”
"So if His Majesty had implemented the policy of abolishing private ownership of land and replacing it with state ownership of land when he was still King Wu, then there would not be much
Big problem.
"But now it is the eighteenth year of Hongwu's reign in the Ming Dynasty, and the world has gradually transitioned from a stage of chaos without order and rules to a stage of great stability."
"At the same time, the distribution of interests in land and acres among civil and military officials, noble marquises, landowners and gentry, ordinary people and other classes has been successively divided."
"If we want to abolish the private ownership of land at this time and change it to the policy of state ownership of land, it will be equivalent to removing all civil and military officials, noble marquises, and locals except the emperor.
No one will support your majesty's policy if you seize profits from the hands of the tycoons, ordinary people and other classes.
"In the end it will only arouse public dissatisfaction and cause turmoil in the world!"
In fact, in his previous life, policies such as the abolition of private ownership of land and change to state ownership of land, also known as "land reform" policies, were also implemented before the actual construction.
Therefore, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were still a small number of landlords and gentry in the old society who strongly resisted the policy of state ownership of land and believed that private ownership of land should be restored.
However, under the general trend of state-owned land, which has been implemented for many years, it has still been crushed into dust and cannot make any waves.
However, if it were the Ming Dynasty today, then the private ownership of land that has been implemented for many years would be a truly majestic trend!
If anyone wants to abolish private ownership of land and change it to state ownership of land, he will be crushed into dust by the general trend of private ownership of land!
Even if this person is Zhu Yuanzhang, the Hongwu Emperor, there will be no exceptions!
After sitting at the back and listening to Yan Changqing's story, I also understood that I had missed the opportunity. I also knew that after I missed this opportunity, I never abolished private land ownership again.
Zhu Yuanzhang, who had the opportunity to change the land ownership system to state-owned land, looked at Yan Changqing with a complicated expression and sighed deeply:
"If only we could have met you twenty years ago and heard these words now, how wonderful it would be!"
If he had met Yan Changqing twenty years earlier and heard what he said today, he would have taken advantage of the undecided opportunity to abolish private ownership of land and replace it with a state of land.
system, thus fundamentally solving the problem of land annexation.
But now it is too late, even he can no longer abolish private ownership of land and change it to state ownership of land.
Unless there is another dynasty-changing chaos similar to the chaos in the late Yuan Dynasty, he may take the opportunity to abolish private ownership of land and replace it with state ownership of land.
But the problem is that the reason why he wants to abolish private ownership of land and change it to state ownership of land is to fundamentally solve the problem of land annexation and prevent future problems in the future.
Change of dynasty due to land annexation.
If in order to abolish the private ownership of land and change it to state ownership of land, and thus deliberately let it go and lead to another chaos in the Ming Dynasty, then it would be putting the cart before the horse.
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