nownovels Chapter 786: Unemployment Caused By Advancing Industrialization And Breaking The Life Pattern Of Men
Chapter 786: Unemployment Caused By Advancing Industrialization And Breaking The Life Pattern Of Men
Technology like Yan Changqing's previous life has actually developed to the point where in many industries and factories, low-end repetitive physical labor of workers can be replaced by fully automated mechanical production.
However, except for a few industries and factories that use a large number of mechanical production to replace ordinary workers, other industries and factories still use ordinary workers to complete repetitive manual labor tasks.
There are three main reasons:
The first reason is that the cost of laying such a fully automated mechanical production line is relatively high.
After all, our country is a country with an oversaturated labor force. For those industries and factories, the cost of using human resources is far lower than the cost of using fully automated mechanical production lines.
The second reason is that many local governments often provide certain tax incentives in order to attract investment and attract companies to build factories there.
However, at the same time, they will have certain rigid requirements for those enterprise factories, such as how many jobs the factories built by those enterprises should provide for the local area and how many local workers they should recruit.
Therefore, it is considered a soft restriction on the use of fully automated machinery production in enterprise factories that require a large amount of labor.
The third reason, and the main reason, is that the use of fully automated machinery production will be promoted arbitrarily before new industries can be found that can accommodate ordinary manual labor workers.
Then a large number of ordinary manual workers will lose their jobs in an instant and become jobless vagrants.
By then, if these unemployed vagrants return home to farm, on the one hand, the fields will not be able to use so many people’s labor experience.
After all, today's cultivation of acres and acres of land is also trying its best to promote mechanized planting. "Nine Eight Three" even in those places with poor geographical environment that make it difficult to carry out mechanized planting.
There is no need for so much labor force for farming.
On the other hand, the income from farming is far less than their previous income from working outside the home.
Perhaps farming can guarantee their food and clothing, but it only guarantees their food and clothing. As for more life needs, farming cannot satisfy them.
In addition to the most basic needs of food and clothing, people today also have various spiritual or material needs such as studying, building new houses, buying cars, etc.
And these are not enough to be achieved simply by relying on the meager income brought by farming.
But if they don't farm, they can't find other suitable jobs.
Because they don’t understand other non-manual repetitive labor jobs. To put it bluntly, they don’t understand other jobs that have technical content and are difficult to be replaced by low-end fully automated mechanical production.
By then, a large number of ordinary unemployed people who neither have jobs nor can return to their hometowns to farm with peace of mind will wander around the society doing nothing all day long, thus forming a potential and huge factor of social instability.
Things like gatherings to fight, stealing, etc. will increase significantly compared to before, which will have a great impact on the country's social security and order!
Of course, problems like this are not without solutions.
For example, providing these unemployed workers with skills training and reemployment is the simplest and most direct way.
To put it bluntly, it is for the national government to organize unemployed workers to relearn some technical jobs that are difficult to be replaced by low-end fully automated machinery production.
As long as these unemployed workers can be re-employed stably, they will not become a potentially huge factor of social instability.
Even compared to before, the trust and support of these unemployed and re-employed workers in the national government will increase by another three points.
Because jobs with technical content that are difficult to be replaced by low-end fully automated machinery production often mean high salaries [at least compared to their original job salaries, they are definitely higher.
The increase in work wages means that these workers can buy more supplies and live a better life than before.
Under such circumstances, how can they not be grateful to the national government that helps them train and re-employ?
However, this is only an ideal solution.
In fact, if the national government trains and re-employs those unemployed workers, then this will be a huge financial expenditure and will put huge financial pressure on the national finance.
Not to mention whether the country's finances can afford it, on the other hand, for those jobs with technical content that are difficult to be replaced by low-end fully automated machinery production, are there so many jobs to accommodate so many unemployed workers? !!
If there are not so many jobs, so many workers who can be trained and re-employed cannot be accommodated.
So even if the state provides them with employment training, they will still not be able to find a job in the end, and they will still be unemployed, a potential and huge factor of instability in society.
Furthermore, the vast majority of these unemployed older generation manual labor workers have not experienced a complete nine-year compulsory education.
In addition, they are older, and their learning ability and other abilities are far inferior to those of young people.
Under such circumstances, it is difficult to train them to become mid-to-high-end manual and mental workers with technical content that are difficult to be replaced by low-end fully automated machinery.
Therefore, it is extremely difficult for the national government to train and re-employ unemployed workers.
In addition to this solution, there is another solution, which is to suppress the advancement of fully automated mechanical production.
Nowadays, the older generation with lower knowledge and culture still let them continue to engage in low-end and repetitive manual labor jobs.
The younger generation in the future will improve their knowledge reserves and enhance their learning abilities through compulsory education, and strive to train them into mid-to-high-end technical talents with technical content.
In this way, after the older generation of low-end repetitive manual workers have largely retired, fully automated machinery production can be vigorously promoted.
The younger generation can also use their own knowledge and learning ability to independently train, learn and choose jobs with technical content that are difficult to be replaced by low-end fully automated mechanical production.
In this way, the advancement of fully automated mechanical production and the elimination of low-end repetitive manual labor workers, as well as the transformation and upgrading of national industries, can be completed smoothly without causing major social unrest.
Apart from being time consuming, this method has no other major disadvantages.
Therefore, for various reasons, even if the technology of Yan Changqing's previous life had developed to the point where many low-end repetitive manual labor tasks could be replaced by fully automated mechanical production.
But in the end, the country did not immediately vigorously promote fully automated mechanical production to replace those low-end repetitive manual labor tasks.
Zhu Yuanzhang underneath didn't know what Yan Changqing was thinking about at the moment: "liberating productivity, promoting industrialization, industrial transformation and upgrading, unemployment and social instability" and other messy contents.
When he heard Yan Changqing say that large spinning wheels and large water-spinning spinning wheels could improve textile efficiency by tens or hundreds of times and greatly save human resources, he couldn't help but take a breath of air and said:
"This big spinning wheel and the big water-spinning wheel can actually increase the efficiency by dozens or hundreds of times?!!"
"The "Wang Zhennong Shu" actually contains such useful things!!!"
Although Zhu Yuanzhang had previously known that Yan Changqing had asked Jin Yiwei to help him collect "Wang Zhen Nong Shu", he only knew about it.
After all, it was just a collection of agricultural books, and it was not something worthy of Zhu Yuanzhang's attention.
As the king of a country, especially the King of Juan among the emperors, Zhu Yuanzhang had to deal with a lot of things in a day.
So even after Jin Yiwei collected the book "Wang Zhen Nong Shu" later, he didn't pay much attention to it, let alone had no time to read "Wang Zhen Nong Shu" carefully.
But now Zhu Yuanzhang decided to go back and look through "Wang Zhennong Shu" to see how many surprises he didn't know about in it.
In addition, the large spinning wheel and the large water-rotated spinning wheel are so easy to use and can increase the efficiency by tens or hundreds of times. They must be promoted! Promote it!!! Vigorously promote it!!!
Last year, the imperial court traded a lot of wool from the grassland tribes in northern Xinjiang. Because of this wool, the imperial court originally planned to hire a large number of women to wash and spin wool.
Now that there are large spinning wheels and large water-spun spinning wheels, not only will the efficiency of spinning wool into wool threads be greatly improved, but it will also greatly reduce the court's human resource costs in hiring.
Limited by his own insufficient knowledge reserves and the limitations of his vision of the times, Zhu Yuanzhang only saw the advantage of greatly saving human resources from the large spinning wheel and the large water-spinning spinning wheel.
It was not immediately apparent that the promotion of large spinning wheels and water-driven spinning wheels may cause millions, or even tens of millions, of textile women to lose their livelihoods in the future.
And Yan Changqing did not intend to say this out loud. Although the promotion of large spinning wheels and large water-spun spinning wheels may result in millions, or even thousands of textile women no longer being able to obtain income through the original traditional textile handicraft industry. beneficial.
However, from another perspective, this also liberates the productivity of millions, or even tens of millions, of textile women.
If the productivity of these millions, or even tens of millions, of textile women had been utilized well, the Ming Dynasty would have been unable to continue its rapid development due to insufficient population productivity.
Even if it can continue to develop at a high speed for a while.
So Yan Changqing also nodded towards Zhu Yuanzhang and said with a smile on his face:
"Yes, after the popularization of large spinning wheels and large water-spinning spinning wheels, millions or even tens of millions of weaving women were required to work together to weave the amount of cloth needed by the people.
"Now only a few tenths or even ten percent of the manpower is enough."
"At that time, most of the weaving women will only need to hand over their twine to the big spinning wheel for spinning, and they will no longer have to spend too much time on weaving."
"And this means that millions, or even tens of millions, of women will be liberated from textiles."
"And the millions, or even tens of millions, of women's labor force liberated can be invested in cultivating and cultivating acres of land.'
"Currently, due to insufficient human resources, it is impossible to recover quickly. Even if the acres of land abandoned due to past wars can be quickly restored to normal farming status, there will even be room for further development of the Liaodong Plain."
"At the same time, these women who were originally responsible for weaving can also take over the farming responsibilities of the strong men at home, and then let these strong men accept the employment of the court to complete the relatively more difficult work of national infrastructure construction.
"In the end, in addition to the original spinning and weaving, women can also cultivate acres of land like men. Relatively speaking, women have more work options."
"In addition to the original farming, men can also choose to accept the state's work-for-service employment. Similarly, they have relatively more job options and can earn additional benefits besides
More income than farming acres of land.
“The country can also obtain more labor resources to reclaim wasteland, develop the Liaodong Plain, and carry out various infrastructure constructions that are conducive to national development.
"This can be said to be a matter of killing three birds with one stone!"
After hearing Yan Changqing's words, Zhu Yuanzhang hesitated and said:
“Is it possible to let women take the responsibility for plowing the fields instead of men?!!”
After all, men farm and women weave, which can be said to be the living pattern of small peasant families in China for thousands of years.
But now Yan Changqing's words are to break this original small farmer family life model.
He 0.4 had a vague feeling in his heart that once Yan Changqing's words were followed, there would probably be some results in the future that even he was not happy to see.
But he was very moved by the benefits that Yan Changqing just listed.
You must know that because of the lack of population and labor force, he was ready to let a group of princes lead troops to plunder the populations of surrounding small countries.
From this we can see to what extent the Ming Dynasty is short of population and labor force.
After all, the Liaodong Plain is too big, and in addition to the Liaodong Plain, there is also the Northern Xinjiang prairie that will also be regarded as meat in the pot by the Ming Dynasty in the future. These are the areas that urgently need a large number of people.
Only the labor force can be developed.
If Ming Dynasty can create millions or tens of millions more idle labor force, even if it is only women's labor force, this will be a great joy for Ming Dynasty.
If millions, or even tens of millions, of idle labor force could be used by Ming Dynasty, many large-scale engineering projects that had to be shelved due to lack of labor force would be immediately replaced.
It can be put on the schedule immediately.
And each of these large engineering projects, once completed, is a national infrastructure that will benefit the country and the people.
On the one hand, it is the uncertainty brought about by breaking the original family life model of men farming and women weaving. On the other hand, the disciples are tempted by the sudden emergence of thousands or thousands of idle labor forces.
For a moment, Zhu Yuanzhang also fell into hesitation.
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